哲蚌寺壁畫保護

目錄
前言　i
Preface
引言　1
Introduction
第一章　哲蚌寺建筑及其壁畫概述　3
Chapter 1　Overview of Architecture and Wall paintings of the Drepung Monastery
1.1　哲蚌寺建筑概況　3
1.1　Architecture of the Drepung Monastery
1.2　措欽大殿壁畫分布及主要內(nèi)容　4
1.2　Locations and Descriptions of Wall Paintings in the Tsokchen Chanting Hall
1.2.1　措欽大殿門廳　4
1.2.1　Hallway
1.2.2　龍布拉康殿　5
1.2.2　Longbrakang Hall
1.2.3　內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道　6
1.2.3　Internal Circumambulation
1.3　哲蚌寺壁畫研究　7
1.3　Aesthetic Research on Wall Painting
1.3.1　壁畫分期　7
1.3.1　Periods
1.3.2　壁畫內(nèi)容與構(gòu)圖特點　8
1.3.2　Contents and Compositional Characteristics
1.3.3　壁畫風格、用色及其流派　10
1.3.3　Style， color and schools
1.4　哲蚌寺壁畫價值評估　11
1.4　Significant of Wall Painting in Drepung Monastery
1.4.1　歷史價值　12
1.4.1　Historical values
1.4.2　藝術(shù)價值　12
1.4.2　Aesthetic values
1.4.3　科學(xué)價值　14
1.4.3　Scientific values
1.4.4　社會價值　14
1.4.4　Social values
第二章　壁畫保存現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查與評估　16
Chapter 2　Investigation and Evaluation of Present Condition
第三章　壁畫保存環(huán)境　19
Chapter 3　Environmental Condition
3.1　拉薩地區(qū)溫濕度變化　19
3.1　Temperature and Relative Humidity in Lhasa City
3.2　哲蚌寺溫濕度變化　22
3.2　Temperature and Relative Humidity in Drepung Monastery
3.2.1　溫濕度檢測儀設(shè)置　22
3.2.1　Installation of Environmental Sensors
3.2.2　監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計分析　22
3.2.2　Statistical Analysis on Environmental Data
3.3　水文地質(zhì)環(huán)境　24
3.3　Hydrogeological Environment
3.3.1　角巖化鈣質(zhì)板巖　24
3.3.1　Keratinized Calcareous Slate
3.3.2　第四系松散體　25
3.3.2　Quaternary Loose Body
3.3.3　地下水　25
3.3.3　Underground Water
第四章　壁畫制作材料和工藝研究　26
Chapter 4　Raw Materials and Manufacture
4.1　壁畫數(shù)字化分析與無損檢測　26
4.1　Digitalization and Non-destructive Analysis
4.1.1　內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道壁畫支撐體三維掃描　26
4.1.1　3D scanning of the Mural Supporting Layer
4.1.2　地質(zhì)雷達檢測　38
4.1.2　Geological Radar Detection
4.2　取樣分析　40
4.2　Scientific Analysis
4.2.1　內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道壁畫顏料取樣記錄　41
4.2.1　Sample Description
4.2.2　分析儀器及測試條件　41
4.2.2　Analytical Approaches and Conditions
4.2.3　分析結(jié)果　42
4.2.3　Analytical Results
4.2.4　膠結(jié)材料分析　47
4.2.4　Bonding Media
4.2.5　表面涂層判斷　49
4.2.5　Coating
4.2.6　壁畫制作工藝研究　50
4.2.6　Manufacture
4.2.7　關(guān)于藏傳佛教壁畫繪畫工藝　51
4.2.7　Mural Painting Procedures
第五章　壁畫病害類型與成因分析　54
Chapter 5　Classification and Mechanism of Deteriorations
5.1　病害類型　54
5.1　Classification of Deterioration
5.1.1　支撐體病害　54
5.1.1　Supporting Layer
5.1.2　地仗層病害　54
5.1.2　Plaster Layer
5.1.3　顏料層病害　56
5.1.3　Painting Layer
5.2　病害原因分析　57
5.2　Deterioration Cause Analysis
5.2.1　建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的影響　57
5.2.1　Architectural Structure
5.2.2　制作材料與工藝的影響　59
5.2.2　Materials and Manufacture
5.2.3　保存環(huán)境的影響　60
5.2.3　Environment
5.2.4　滲水的影響　62
5.2.4　Water Seepage
5.2.5　震動的影響　63
5.2.5　Vibration
5.2.6　人為因素的影響　63
5.2.6　Human Behavior
5.3　變形破壞特征與機制分析　64
5.3　Deformation and Mechanism
5.3.1　變形破壞現(xiàn)狀　64
5.3.1　Description of Deformation
5.3.2　變形破壞特征及機制分析　65
5.3.2　Characteristics and Mechanism
第六章　修復(fù)材料與工藝篩選　67
Chapter 6　 Evaluation of Materials and Techniques for Restoration
6.1　實驗室研究　67
6.1　Laboratory Works
6.1.1　哲蚌寺壁畫地仗材料的分析　67
6.1.1　Scientific analysis on the Plaster Layer
6.1.2　傳統(tǒng)灰漿材料改性　72
6.1.2　Modification of the Traditional Mortar Materials
6.1.3　混合灰土材料焙燒實驗　76
6.1.3　Roasting Experiment on the Hybrid Lime Materials
6.1.4　改性灰土材料相關(guān)問題討論　82
6.1.4　Discussion
6.1.5　空鼓壁畫灌漿加固材料篩選　85
6.1.5　Grouting Material Evaluation for Preparation Layer
6.1.6　起甲壁畫加固材料篩選　106
6.1.6　Stabilization Material Evaluation for Painting Layer
6.2　現(xiàn)場試驗　113
6.2　Experiments in-Situ
6.2.1　空鼓壁畫灌漿加固工藝　113
6.2.1　Grouting Techniques
6.2.2　起甲壁畫加固工藝　115
6.2.2　Stabilization Techniques
6.2.3　揭取與原位復(fù)原回貼壁畫工藝　117
6.2.3　Restoration Techniques for the Detached Fragments
第七章　壁畫修復(fù)　120
Chapter 7　Conservation and Restoration
7.1　方案設(shè)計　120
7.1　Project Proposal
7.1.1　設(shè)計說明　120
7.1.1　Statement
7.1.2　設(shè)計依據(jù)　121
7.1.2　Rationales
7.1.3　設(shè)計原則　121
7.1.3　Principles
7.2　壁畫修復(fù)　122
7.2　Implementation of the Conservation Project
7.2.1　保護修復(fù)的技術(shù)路線　122
7.2.1　Technical Procedures
7.2.2　原位保存壁畫的保護修復(fù)　124
7.2.2　Conservation of Wall Painting in-situ
7.2.3　內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)道壁畫的揭取與原位回貼　128
7.2.3　 Restoration Techniques for the Detached Fragments from the Internal Circumambulation
7.3　成果與效果　138
7.3　Outcomes and Aesthetic Presentation
7.3.1　壁畫修復(fù)成果　138
7.3.1　Outcomes
7.3.2　壁畫修復(fù)效果　139
7.3.2　Aesthetic Presentation
第八章　相關(guān)問題討論　141
Chapter 8　Discussion
8.1　項目技術(shù)難點分析　141
8.1　Technical Difficulties
8.2　保護修復(fù)原則的應(yīng)用　141
8.2　Conservation Principles Application
8.2.1　關(guān)于不改變文物原狀原則　142
8.2.1　Preserving Historic Conditions
8.2.2　關(guān)于最低限度干預(yù)原則　144
8.2.2　Minimal Intervention
8.2.3　關(guān)于可再處理原則　144
8.2.3　Reaccessible Technology
8.2.4　關(guān)于修復(fù)材料兼容性原則　145
8.2.4　Compatibility of Restoration Materials
8.2.5　關(guān)于可識別原則　146
8.2.5　Identifiable Intervention
8.3　今后工作展望　147
8.3　Prospect
8.3.1　壁畫的數(shù)字化檔案建設(shè)　147
8.3.1　Arc