Preface 1． Introduction Linux Versus Other Unix-Like Kernels Hardware Dependency Linux Versions Basic Operating System Concepts An Overview of the Unix Filesystem An Overview of Unix Kernels 2． Memory Addressing Memory Addresses Segmentation in Hardware Segmentation in Linux Paging in Hardware Paging in Linux 3． Processes Processes， Lightweight Processes， and Threads Process Descriptor Process Switch Creating Processes Destroying Processes 4． Interrupts and Exceptions The Role of Interrupt Signals Interrupts and Exceptions Nested Execution of Exception and Interrupt Handlers Initializing the Interrupt Descriptor Table Exception Handling Interrupt Handling Softirqs and Tasklets Work Queues Returning from Interrupts and Exceptions 5． Kernel Synchronization How the Kernel Services Requests Synchronization Primitives Synchronizing Accesses to Kernel Data Structures Examples of Race Condition Prevention 6． Timing Measurements Clock and Timer Circuits The Linux Timekeeping Architecture Updating the Time and Date Updating System Statistics Software Timers and Delay Functions System Calls Related to Timing Measurements 7． Process Scheduling Scheduling Policy The Scheduling Algorithm Data Structures Used by the Scheduler Functions Used by the Scheduler Runqueue Balancing in Muhiprocessor Systems System Calls Related to Scheduling 8． Memory Management Page Frame Management Memory Area Management Noncontiguous Memory Area Management 9． Process Address Space The Process's Address Space The Memory Descriptor Memory Regions Page Fault Exception Handler Creating and Deleting a Process Address Space Managing the Heap 10． System Calls POSIX APls and System Calls System Call Handler and Service Routines Entering and Exiting a System Call Parameter Passing Kernel Wrapper Routines 11． Signals The Role of Signals Generating a Signal Delivering a Signal System Calls Related to Signal Handling 12． The Virtual Filesystem The Role of the Virtual Filesystem （VFS） VFS Data Structures Filesystem Types Filesystem Handling Pathname Lookup Implementations of VFS System Calls File Locking 13． I/0 Architecture and Device Drivers I/0 Architecture The Device Driver Model Device Files Device Drivers Character Device Drivers 14． Block Device Drivers Block Devices Handling The Generic Block Layer The I/0 Scheduler Block Device Drivers Opening a Block Device File 15． The Page Cache The Page Cache Storing Blocks in the Page Cache Writing Dirty Pages to Disk The sync（）， fsync（）， and fdatasync（） System Calls 16． Accessing Files Reading and Writing a File Memory Mapping Direct I/O Transfers Asynchronous I/O 17． Page Frame Reclaiming The Page Frame Reclaiming Algorithm Reverse Mapping Implementing the PFRA Swapping 18． The Ext2 and Ext3 Filesystems General Characteristics of Ext2 Ext2 Disk Data Structures Ext2 Memory Data Structures Creating the Ext2 Filesystem Ext2 Methods Managing Ext2 Disk Space The Ext3 Filesystem 19． Process Communication Pipes FIFOs System V IPC POSIX Message Queues 20． Program Execution Executable Files Executable Formats Execution Domains The exec Functions A． System Startup B． Modules Bibliography Source Code Index Index
鄂公網(wǎng)安備 42010302001612號(hào) 